Opportunities that Globalisation Creates for Decision-Makers

Question: Analysis of the Opportunities and Threats that Globalisation Creates for Decision-Makers. Answer: Introduction In the current 21st Century, globalization and internationalization is very vital when operating a commercial industry (Gunnarsson, 2011). There are several motives for a company to prefer to operate abroad, for example when there are sales abroad while there is stagnation in the home market. Companies have a risk of losing their home markets when they fail to internationalize(Daniels, 2007). Firms also operate internationally due to development potentials, and to subside the cost of manufacturing and expenditures(Sergi, 2007). Firms are able to come up with new ideas and different methods for problem solving when they internationalize. Managers can be effective, innovative and develop their own expertise through implementation of wider horizons (Bennett, 1995).A company may decide not to internationalize but later on they may lack the home market since there is no domestic market that can be prevented from the invasion of competitors and foreign companies (Cullen, 2002). Local marke t can be threatened by the world economy however; the home companies will benefit due to the steady development in the global markets. Internationalization comes through the maintenance and establishment of connections in foreign countries(Jansson, 2007). The relationship is centered on trust and it is crucial that the participants trust one another (Gunnarsson, 2002). Studies shows that trust is the most significant factor in any business relationship in relationship marketing(Hunt, 1994). When parties understand one anothers problems, and come to know each other better, then the understanding of why the goods should be of good quality and why the consignments must be delivered on time is understood clearer. Emerging economies are countries that are regarded as underdeveloped in the past years but have now attained an economic development. Governments reformation and reduction of limitations in the foreign markets are the major contributors of emerging markets. Countries are transforming their economies, and in the coming decades developing markets will have a high segment in the growth of the world (Cavusgil, Ghauri Agarwal 2002). Entry strategy and negotiations are being carried out for countries that are interested in operating business in the developing markets (Cavusgil, 2012). Knowing the characteristics of a country market it is vital to have a suitable strategic entry in these developing markets. To be able to attract clients in these economies several strategies must be applied. Companies that cannot account for variability and rapid developments in these markets will lose. Developing market countries can be referred to as countries with the aim of reforming their economy through reduction of problems like poverty, infrastructure, and overpopulation while enhancing their GNP per capita. Internationally, these countries and economies are expected to play a significant purpose in business in the coming decades (Cavusgil, 2012). Despite of recent setbacks and some difficulties in the developing markets such as financial issues in Asia they remain to be centers of attention for firms striving for chances in the world market. These countries economies represent long-term development and extended trajectory(Atsmon, 2011). There has been a tremendous influence in the developing markets from the experience attained from Western markets. The developing markets have an opportunity to be on the same level with the developing countries through importation of technologies and knowledge and educating their students in abroad (Cavusgil, 2012). States in developing markets are good centers for investments since difficulties for direct investment are disappearing (Cavusgil, 2012). MNCs, multinational cooperations suggest that firms possess distributions, manufacturing and other units in overseas market have been established in the emerging markets like China, India and Russia over the past few decades (Jansson, 2007). There is growth and enormous demand for various goods such as phones and automobiles in those countries hence being considered as one of the main nations in developing markets. As stated by various studies, regarding internationalization, there are prospects and challenges in venturing international markets. The opportunities of growing international is that over half of the world populace are in the developing markets hence the chance of growth are very high as the developing rates of the Western markets. There is rapid industrialization and modernization in these economies. There are plenty of business prospects for firms created by the middle class in these economies (Cavusgil, Ghauri Agarwal, 2002). It is essential to have an understanding and a clear understanding of the approach of doing business in the emerging markets in order to be successful. It is also important for the Western countries to understand that there is no competition between the underdeveloped economies and them, and that these markets do not pose a threat to their success. Volvo Group Volvo is the leading global multinationals corporations that manufactures marine equipment, buses, construction equipment, aerospace components trucks, and industrial applications. It sales in more than 181 markets globally and has facilities in 20 countries (Thakkar, 2017). Their mission is to be the world leading transportation solution provider through the following four factors: creation of value to clients in specific segments, quality driving, environmental and safety care, construction of modern goods and services for infrastructure industries and transport. The four factors are also the core values of Volvo Group. The group also values working with zeal and energy and reverence for humanity It was in 1928, when the first Volvo truck was manufactured. Currently it is the second greatest constructor of heavy trucks which has created trust in solutions regarding transport worldwide. Worldwide Volvo trucks are serviced and sold in more than 130 countries, has 1,460 workshops and over 660 dealerships (Thakkar, 2017). Generally, Volvo has eight factories owned locally and nine assembly plants in the world. Volvo Group Trucks Technology is responsible for handling distribution of complete vehicles and services. Is also supports the goods in the aftermarket. It has over 10,000 labor force working under global terms. The main concern of Volvo team is the delivery of topnotch engineered products and services. The earliest Volvo truck, moved out of the plant in, India (Bangalore) in 1998 (Thakkar, 2017). The plant is armed with Volvos global quality standard norm, systems, tools, people who are dedicated, programs dealing with trainings and culture that is unbeatable driving towards a common goal: Production of outstanding quality Volvo trucks. The plant meets ISO 14,000 certification and ISO 9000 quality ethics for Environment standards (Thakkar, 2017). Volvo Group also has Volvo Powertrain, which produces motor vehicle components. It is the leading manufacturer of engine worldwide, and a focal point for Powertrain (Thakkar, 2017). Volvo is also among the leading heavy-duty diesel engines 9-18.5 liters manufactures in the world. Volvo Group operates in North-South America, Japan, France and Sweden. The Powertrain business unit, involves manufacturing and development activities with over 9000 workers globally (Thakkar, 2017). A joint venture company was launched in India in 2008. VECV vehicle is a shared venture between the Eicher motors and Volvo Group in India. Through this agreement Volvo Group sells trucks and buses under the Eicher brand in India. The joint venture is a 50:50 between the two firms. The point is to cooperate on development of the product, aftermarket support and purchasing. Mainly, from India there are 3000 workers working for VECV, although there are also experts from Brazil and France (Thakkar, 2017). The accomplishments within Volvo 3P, Volvo Technology, Volvo Powertrain, Nonautomotive Purchasing and Volvo Parts are collected from 1st January by Volvo Group Trucks Operations and Volvo Group Trucks Technology as the organizational department. Opportunities and challenges: Volvo Group Social/ cultural environment There were major reasons for the launching of Volvo 3P supplementary in India. One of the reasons was that, there was possible and large reservation of competence in the engineering field in India. Bjrn Flood saw many engineering university graduates every year. According to him this created a base for recruitment for the growth of a company. Therefore, India is definitely a place where plants need to be to get the skills they require and seek the future (Vira, 2015) The Indian people were the opportunity for Volvo Group. The Indian people are focused, energetic and wanted to have something in life and gain at the end of the day. Also, the people India are respectful when it comes to administration and law. India is also a complicated country with not so educated, poor but skilled people in various areas hence being an opportunity for a company. Big turnover of people is one of the biggest challenge in India. Volvo 3P has 10% to 15% turnover of employees per annual therefore recruitment is severe due to the population pressure. In India is difficult to get competent people despite the high population. In India, the average age is 30 whereas in Europe is 42 therefore all young people are in need of in getting new, high salaries and wages and good jobs which makes the recruitment process very hard (Vira, 2015) Whenever the company wants to increase 100- 200 people per year they only have a turnout of 60. There is also a low level of experience due to low average age in India. This means that Volvo 3P has to internally train the recruits to reach their competence level which places pressure on their system. Therefore, in order to deal with these challenges the company has French supervisors and Swedish administrators in India who are trained to handle the systems and law regulation Legal environment There are few legal aspects in India. This makes Volvo Group to have little legal matters to handled. By the fact that Volvo is a big company with a lot of knowledge and people the task is not done by one individual but through the contribution and participation of various people. Hence disputes and conflict resolution are easy to reach (Vira, 2015) Volvo as a company made sure that all the legal procedural issues are handle before the opening of the company. Economic environment The most significant reason and one of the opportunities for starting Volvo 3P in India, was that India and especially Asia was in a developmental phase (Vira, 2015). Volvo 3P required a place they could begin production activities which was the major task of Volvo Group. Another opportunity is that there is cheap labor in India and the salaries have stagnated for the last 10 to 15 years (Vira, 2015). The major challenge for this company is the way of sending money. There should be safety precautions put in place when transferring money especially to other countries which involve India. The company has managed to deal with this challenge through the creation of a special department handling this issue. The special department is contacted by Volvo 3P and they tackle the issue Therefore. it is no longer considered an issue any longer. Political environment Volvo has established a good relationship with the local government therefore, they do not have any issues with the government. Additionally, Volvo has many connections with the local administration of the area (Vira, 2015). There are also several things occurring among Sweden and India. The fact that Indian people understand the people of Sweden well becomes a positive implication to both the parties. The king of Sweden has visited India on many occasions and there is also cultural collaboration amongst Gothenburg and Bangalore. Volvo also has offices in Sweden (Vira, 2015). Because the government need more companies to be established it is complaisant. The challenge that Volvo has is the process of establishing other company through the government procedures which is tiring and very complex to handle. Technological environment In the past decades, the company had some issues in terms of infrastructure in India which is a small airport. However, the nearness of the small airport to Bangalore was still an opportunity since it assisted in transportation of small deliverables. Currently India has big airports that are better than the old ones. Knowing that the government was constructing bigger and better airport was among the reasons why Volvo decided to operate in India. Having one direct flight coming from Europe to Bangalore was the other challenge (Vira, 2015). Today there are three flight, Lufthansa British Airways and Air France. The planes are always full since the city is among the famous places worldwide hence the need for early booking. It is very important to note that the challenges are being deliberated on by the government to foster development. Due to infrastructure issues, there is almost limited places for other companies construction. The fact that India is a big city there is traffic since people commute to work hence taking a longer time going and coming from work (Vira, 2015). To handle work and travel problems they apply flexible time whereby, the workers can select depending on their work hours to come late or early and complete work late or earlier. They also offer special transport for their worker taking them to work and back to their various destinations. Lessons for International Business Managers. World business managers role for the displacement of essential resources and assets is close to the shaping of an integrated strategy. Business manager, usually depend on the effort of functional and regional heads. The business manager is the initiator and leader of debate on where major factories, sales offices and technical centers should be situated and which ones should be shut down. In multinational corporations, access to strategically important assets and information, control over has driven country managers into handling central roles (Sergi, 2007). In the current multicultural global business society, managers often encounter cultural disparities, which frequently hinder the completion of successful projects. However, the efficient application of cross cultural groups can offer a source of inventive thinking and knowledge which can boost the competitive stand of a firm. In order, to attain project aims and prevent cultural misunderstandings, project managers should encourage creativity and culturally sensitiveness and flexible leadership motivation. World project management can be successful through cross-cultural communication, mutual respect and effective leadership (Sergi, 2007). Without the three aspects, the company is destined to collapse. To settle potential communication barriers international business managers should effectively use cross-cultural teams. Several projects are being implemented by multicultural teams. It is important for international business managers to learn that in order to attain the project goals and prevent possible threats they should be sensitive to peoples culture, encourage creativity and enhance good leadership. This means that global business leaders should try to create a good environment where multiple voices are listened to and their opinions and views valued and regarded as important. Conclusion Globalization and internationalization is very vital when operating a business. Through internationalization, firms are able to come up with new ideas and different methods for problem solving. Internationalization comes through the maintenance and establishment of connections in foreign countries. Countries are transforming their economies, and in the coming years developing markets will have a high stake in the growth of the world. There are prospects and challenges in venturing international markets. Therefore, it is essential to have an understanding and a clear understanding of the approaches of doing business in the emerging markets in order to be successful. In multinational corporations, access to strategically important assets and information, driven international business managers into handling central roles. Hence, to attain project aims and prevent cultural misunderstandings, project managers should encourage creativity, culturally sensitiveness and flexible leadership mo tivation. This means that global business leaders should try to create a good environment where multiple voices are listened to and their views and opinions should be valued and regarded as important. References Atsmon, K. . V., 2011. Is your emerging-market strategy local enough, s.l.: McKinsey Company. Bennett, 1995. International MarketingStrategy, Planning, Market entry Implementation., London: Kogan Page Limited.. Cavusgil, K. . R., 2012. International business, The New Realities, New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc. Cullen, J. B., 2002. Multinational Management: A Strategic Approach , Cincinnati, OH.. 2 ed. Cincinnati: South-Western College Publishing. Daniels, R. . S., 2007. International business environment and operations. 13 ed. Edinburgh: PEARSON Education. Gunnarsson, A., 2011. The selection of Entry Modes When Penetrating Market. 1st ed. [ebook] pp.3-18. Available at: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:421070/. Hunt Morgan, 1994. The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), pp. 20-38. Jansson, 2007. International Business Marketing in Emerging Country Markets-The Third Wave of Internationalization of Firms, Northampton USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. Sergi, A. ., 2007. Global business management: A cross cultural prospective., Unknown: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Thakkar, K., 2017. Volvo seeks to be an established brand in Indias luxury car space: Tom Von Bonsdorff, Volvo MD. [online] The Economic Times. Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/volvo-seeks-to-be-an established-brand-in-indias-luxury-car-space-tom-von-bonsdorff-volvo-md/articleshow/50114709. Vira, D., 2015. Volvo Plans To Bring Performance Polestar Brand To India. [online] MotorBeam. Available at: https://www.motorbeam.com/2015/07/cars/volvo-cars/volvo-plans-to-bring-performance-polestar-brand-to-india/

Leukemia Essays - Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Stem Cells, Leukemia, RTT

Leukemia Leukemia is a disease characterized by the formation of abnormal numbers of white blood cells, for which no certain cure has been found. Leukemia is also conditions characterized by the transformation of normal blood-forming cells into abnormal white blood cells whose unrestrained growth overwhelms and replaces normal bone marrow and blood cells. Leukemias are named according to the normal cell from which they originate, such as Lymphocyte Leukemia. Lymphocyte Leukemia is where a Lymphocyte cell is transformed into a Leukemia cell. Another example of Leukemia is Myelocytic or (Granulocytic Leukemia). This forms when a Myelocytic cell is changed or transformed into a Leukemia cell. Different Leukemia's are located in the microscope and by how much protein they contain. These Leukemia's are usually very severe and need treatment right away. The present incidence of new cases per year in the United States is about 25 to every 100,000 persons. The danger to the patient lies in the growth of these abnormal white cells, which interfere with the growth of the red blood cells, normal white blood cells, and the blood platelets. The uncontrolled growth of the abnormal white cells produces a tendency to unstop bleeding, the risk of getting serious infection in the wounds, and a very small possibility of obstruction of the blood vessels. Treatment of these Leukemias include chemotherapy with alkylafing agents, or antimetabodies that suppress the growth of abnormal white cells. Another treatment of some kind would be the x-ray or the administration or radioactive substances, or radiophosphorus, may be used. After treatment these diseases may last for many years. Age of the person diagnosed with Leukemia does play an important part in how that individual responds to any treatment. The older the person the less response he may have to treatment. Leukemia in Animals white blood cells is much less common as Leukemia in humans white blood cells. Today's treatment mostly includes chemotherapy and or bone marrow transplantation supportive care, where transfusions of blood components and prompt treatment of complicating infections, is very important. Ninety percent of children with Acute Lymphocyte Leukemia have received chemotherapy and fifty percent of theses children have been fully cured of Leukemia. Treatment of AML or Acute Myeolcytic Leukemia is not as successful but has been improving more and more throughout the 1990's. Scientists that study the cause of Leukemia have not had very much success lately. Very large doses of x-rays can increase the efficacy growth of Leukemia. Chemicals such as Benzene also may increase the risk of getting Leukemia. Scientists have tried experiments on Leukemia in Animals by transmitting RNA into the body of the Animal. Interpretation of these results in relation with human Leukemia is very cautious at this time. Studies have also suggested that family history, race, genetic factors, and geography may all play some part in determining the rates of growth of these Leukemias. Stewart Alsop is an example of Acute Myeoblastic Leukemia, or AML. On the day of July 21, 1971 Stewart was made aware of some of the doctors suspicions due to his bone marrow test. He was told by his doctor in Georgetown that his marrow slides looked so unusual that he had brought in other doctors to view the test and they could not come to an agreement so they all suggested that he take another bone marrow exam. The second test was known to be "hypocelluar" meaning that it had very few cells of any sort, normal of abnormal. The Georgetown doctors counted, about fourty-four percent of his cells were abnormal, and he added, with a condor that he later discovered characteristics. "They were ugly-looking cells." Most of them looked like Acute Meyoblastic Leukemia cells, but not all some of them looked like the cells of another kind of Leukemia, Acatymphoblastic Leukemia, and some of them looked like the cells of still another kind of bone marrow cancer, not a Leukemia, it is called Dysprotinemia. And even the Myeloblastic cells didn't look exactly like Myeloblastic cells should look. Stewart has been treated with chemotherapy and is still living today but he doesn't have very much longer to live. Sadako Saski was born in Japan in the year of 1943 she died twelve years later in the year of 1955 of Leukemia. She was in Hiroshima when the United States Air Force dropped an atomic bomb on that city in an attempt to end World War II. Sadako Saski was only two years old when all this had happened. Ten years later, Sadako had been diagnosed with Leukemia as a result of the radiation

Poem Comparison Essays

Poem Comparison Essays Poem Comparison Essay Poem Comparison Essay The Difference in Similarity Lady Lazarus, by Sylvia Plath and The Waking by Theodore Roethke are two poems that relate directly to the speaker. Although both poems share this similarity, the way in which both works or literature are constructed are vastly different. Plath uses visual imagery and poetical tercets to show the pain and suffering of the speaker in her poem, while Roethke uses the musical Villanelle and synesthesia to create his picture of the speakers inner thoughts and a sense of awakening. When reading the poem Lady Lazarus for the first time, the subject matter can be a little ifficult to comprehend. The title of this poem and the speaker share the same name, ultimately making connections to the poet herself. Lady Lazarus begins by telling the reader that she has done it again. Whatever it is; the reader does not know. She is a thirty-year-old who compares to herself to a Holocaust victim while also telling the reader that she has nine lives, much like a cat. The reader figures out that it is dying but, like a cat, the speaker keeps returning to life. Lady Lazarus tells the reader about the first two times that she almost died and how dying is an art. She describes eath as theatrical as shes possibly preforming her third death in front of a crowd at a circus. She again compares herself to a Holocaust victim as she imagines herself burning to death at concentration camp crematorium. At the end of the poem, she is resurrected for the third time and will eat men like air (line 84). In The Waking, much of the poem takes place inside the speakers mind. The speaker begins to contemplate his own opening awareness to who he is and what he can know. The poem briefly shifts from the speakers mind to the real world to notice some of the natural organisms that surround this going where I have to go. The speaker returns to his inner reckoning of greater power and fate. Imagery is an excellent way for a reader to read a poem through the five senses. It gives a more realistic feel to the work that is presented and can give better insight about the tonality of the work. Lady Lazarus uses imagery to describe her pain that is comparable to the pain that the Jews experienced during the Holocaust. Visual imagery is used in lines 4-5 when she says A sort of a walking miracle, my skin/Bright as a Nazi lampshade this use of simile refers to how some Nazis used the skin of the deceased Jews as ampshades. Another use of visual imagery is seen on lines 8-9, as Lady Lazarus says My face a featureless, fine/Jew linen. This metaphor relates Lady Lazarus to how the Nazis would raid the homes of the Jews and take all of their possessions, sometimes including linen. The comparisons of the speaker to things that Nazis had possession of during the Holocaust makes us think that the speaker may feel that she is possessed by the Nazis. The Waking uses a form of imagery called synesthesia. This is a mixing of sensory experiences to paint a picture of the hybrid world of sleeping and waking. One example of synesthesia is in line 2, where the speaker says: l feel my fate in what I cannot fear. What does fate actually feel like? Since it is not something that is classified as the common sense of feeling or touch, it may be used to describe a presence through an absence. I believe this to explain how someone can teel something without actually knowing what it may be, such as that feeling when you know someone is staring at you. Another use of synesthesia arrives when the speaker says: l hear my being dance from ear to ear (line 5). This line describes the sharp sensitivity of his hearing. His hearing is so acute that he can hear himself dance around his own body. It seems as though his senses are highly sensitive and are firing in several directions in his own mind. People hear themselves think, like myself, I think this is another excellent use of synesthesia because you arent hearing your thoughts literally but you still can hear them. Lady Lazarus is a poem that is made up of twenty-eight tercets. A tercet is a three-line stanza. These stanzas are mostly made up of short, choppy lines with a mix of enjambment and end stop lines that can been seen as an example in lines 22-24 when the speaker ays: [This] is Number Three. (end stop)/ What a Trash (enjambment)/To annihilate each decade. (end stop). When read aloud, the words move quickly and forcefully. It almost sounds like the speaker is spitting her words out to the reader in disgust. This could relate to her overall feelings of disgust throughout the poem. This poem also has use of perfect rhyme and slant rhyme. One instance of perfect rhyme happens in lines 83-84, where the words hair and air rhyme. An example of slant rhyme occurs in lines 71-72, where the words burn and concern sound rhythmical. Also, there is use n anaphora in l do it so it feels like hell (line 46) and I do it so it feels real (line 47). While these various kinds of repetitions of sounds occur all over the place in Lady Lazarus, they do not occur in a particular pattern. The rhymes have an off- kilter feel to them, and this allows the poem to be fast and free wheeling. The reader never knows when a rhyme or some other kind of repetition is going to happen next. I think it works to the feeling of the speaker very effectively because the speaker is in an erratic state of mind. The Waking is characterized as a Villanelle, which means n Italian word referring to a rustic song or dance. Villanelles have five tercets (three- line stanzas) and one quatrain (a four-line stanza), for a total of nineteen lines in all. The rhyme scheme of the tercets is ABA, where the letter refers to the end rhyme of each line, while the quatrain is ABAA. The A rhyme does change throughout the poem. Line 7, for example, ends with a shift in rhyme: you, which does have an O in the word, though it has a long U sound to it. The reader receives more of this type of rhyme in lines and 10 and 12 with how and slow. While the rhyme is generally redictable, it does shift as the poem develops. That seems fitting in a poem where the speaker is describing an awakening. The change in rhyme scheme refers to the shift in the speaker from sleeping to awakening. By line 7, the speaker has shifted from what is going on in his mind to God bless the Ground! I shall walk softly there, (line 8). The speaker is talking about the nature that surrounds him rather than what is going on in his mind. A form like th is has a musical tone to it rather than the choppy freewheeling Lady Lazarus poem. What is interesting about this is that it akes the poem somewhat repetitive, much like the average every day song and how we see the line going where I have to go repetitively. This Villanelle is, in a way, going where it needs to go in relation to how this type of poem is constructed. The Waking, in terms of meter, has each line written in strongly pronounced iambic pentameter. An iamb is a two-syllable pair in which the second syllable is emphasized. This makes the poem a little easier to read and it gives the impression that the speaker is singing the words to the reader as opposed to the spitting image hat Lady Lazarus brings. Sylvia Plath and Theodore Roethke use their own poetic styles to set the tone of the speakers in their poems. Plath uses visual imagery and short, choppy tercets to describe a woman who is so unhappy that she relates her despair to a Jewish person during the Holocaust. On the other hand, Roethke uses synesthesia and the musical form of a Villanelle to characterize the speakers awakening through his mind and the real world. Bibliography Baym, Nina, and Robert S. Levine. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York: W. W. Norton 2012. print.

How to use capital letters - Emphasis

How to use capital letters How to use capital letters Were often being asked about when to use capital letters. Why is it so confusing? The answer lies somewhere between what were used to seeing (beginning, as ever, with our school habits) and the seeming inconsistencies of best practice. As a general rule, capitals are for specific and formal; lower-case for unspecific and informal. Capital offence Avoid using all capital letters. Its very heavy on the eye; and the lack of differentiation in height and shape (compared with lower-case lettering) actually makes it more difficult to read. Also, the consensus particularly in the virtual world is that it appears as shouting, so youll come across as aggressive and alienate your reader. Initial capitals You might think the rules get murkier here. Certainly, it may come down to an issue of style within your workplace, but always bear in mind that its very easy to overdo these. Typically, use initial capitals for: proper nouns places, peoples names, company names Mr Jones, formerly of Emphasis Training Ltd, went to Swansea. official job titles Mr Jones new position was Chief Executive of Capital Placement. trade names or brands I like to have a cup of Ovaltine and read the Write Away e-bulletin on my Mac. But, generally, dont use them for: every first letter in a heading or sub-heading (check your company style on this one): its An exploration of capital letters, not An Exploration of Capital Letters compass points, unless they are part of a definable region/area/country Should we head north or north-east now? Im either moving to South Korea or the Middle East. Subsequent words (beyond the first) in a sign-off Yours sincerely Best regards Lots of love Clarifying apparent contradictions Sporadically sprinkling this or that word with a capital can lend undeserved import to certain concepts, which, in turn, implies a kind of inferiority in others. While we may be used to seeing Mum and Dad capitalised (or Doctor if we are one, President if we are Barack Obama and so on), that doesnt mean those words should always be capitalised. Where a noun stands in for a proper noun (like a name), it is capitalised; if not, it isnt. Hello Mother, hello Father. Is that my mother with your father? What are you doing, Mum? Job titles and ranks used in conjunction with the holders name are capitalised; if the title is used alone, they arent. Have you met Mr Jones, Chief Executive of Capital Placement? Yes, but Ive met many chief executives. Who is the president? Do you live under a rock? You must recognise President Obama. For governments, use lowercase unless youre referring to a particular administration. The Government announced the abolition of the 10p tax band. Representatives from governments across Europe were united in their disgust. Institutions and organisations will be capitalised when their name is used in full; on subsequent references to it, when the name is shortened, use lowercase. Ill have to refer you to the Central Committee of Capital Measures. What was the name of that committee? The exception to this rule is when the shortened reference word might be mistaken for a regular noun. The National Trust is fantastic. Yes, its the best kind of Trust. Have you heard of the African National Congress? Im well aware of that Congress. So, just remember with capitals: less is more. Exceptions that may seem inconsistent and confusing are only for clarity. If you have any more queries about capital letters or anything else leave a comment and well get back to you.

Australian Law-Surrogacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Australian Law-Surrogacy - Essay Example One dilemma in surrogacy is the determination of parenthood. Currently, family and parenthood are defined biologically instead of social terms. This brings an issue in when determining who the legal parents of the child are, mainly between the surrogate mother and the social or foster parents of the child. In some countries like Australia, the law identifies the surrogate mother of a child as its legal mother and any surrogate arrangements that transfer custody of the child to others is rendered void. This brings issues especially if the surrogate mother had offered the services as commercial surrogacy and later claims the child (Tuininga, 240). The issue of parenthood arises because of the fact that the commissioning parents consider themselves to be the real parents of the child because their chromosomes were used. The surrogate mother can also claim parenthood because their biological components were used. (Tuininga, 240). This is even more serious were gestation was absent in the commissioning mother and hence the surrogate mother has some genetic relationship with the child. Temana (1108) observes that surrogate mothers normally try to maintain close and intimate relationship with the social parents of the child and this could put those marriages at risk of breaking. Zimmerman (123) states that there is also a high tendency that surrogacy makes problems underlying a marriage to surface for example, it brings into light infertility problem in one of the couple. (Tuininga, 240).  ... gate mothers normally try to maintain close and intimate relationship with the social parents of the child and this could put those marriages at risk of breaking. Zimmerman (123) states that there is also a high tendency that surrogacy makes problems underlying a marriage to surface for example, it brings into light infertility problem in one of the couple. Ragone (201) states that he commissioning parents go through a complicated process in order to adopt the child they wanted despite the fact that they could have paid heavily to have the child born and that one of them, mostly the father, could be the genetic father of the child. This is because in surrogacy, the father or both parents donate gametes that will be transferred clinically to the surrogate mother. Ironically, the law does not recognize them as the legal parents of the born child despite the fact that this child might not have any genetic relationship with the surrogate mother. One dilemma that emerges in surrogacy is t hat others do not accept it yet it is a healthy way of creating human life as compared to other methods like cloning. History In Australia, all forms of surrogacy were considered to be illegal and all states passed laws to make this a criminal offense. However, things have changed over the recent years. According to the Lawyers and Legal Services Australia (1), altruistic surrogacy has recently been legalized and this has been done in all Australia states, except for the state of Tasmania. However, commercial surrogacy is still considered by the law to be a criminal offense. These changes in the history of surrogacy in Australia were made possible by the Assisted Reproductive Treatment Act 2008. This Act changed the legality of altruistic surrogacy from 1st January, 2010. In its part,

MPC Relationship With Its Large Global Customers Case Study

MPC Relationship With Its Large Global Customers - Case Study Example Moreover certain value-added services that were provided to the clients which helped in improving and bolstering its relationship with the clients. The relationship between the suppliers and the clients is guided by the bargaining power of the supplier/the buyer. The supplier dictates the shots if it has a higher bargaining power and conversely, the client has an upper hand when it has a higher bargaining power. In this case, there are only a few players I the market. Moreover, with high entry costs, the entry of new players is quite difficult. This gives MPC a higher bargaining power. The bargaining power also defines the value division. The bargaining of the supplier with the client the amount the supplier gets for providing its clients with the important resources. The figure above depicts the relationship between the client and the supplier using a line segment. The top level of the line represents the value that has been received by the buyer. This value is equal to the willingness of the buyer to pay for the goods or services minus the amount that has been paid by the organization. The middle segment represents the value that has been captured by the firm. The lowermost position of the segment defines the value that has been acquired by the supplier. (Brandenburger M, Stuart HW, n.d.). The figure above gives a model on how suppliers should rate its clients. MPC must use the model stated in the figure to analyze its relationship with the clients. It should divide its clients on the basis of relative value and its attractiveness. MPC can also use its rapport with its clients to set up bases in the low-cost destinations. This would allow the company to make its presence in those markets while creating entry barriers for the new players. This would also give MPC a foothold in a new and emerging market. The firm can employ the model of Brandenburger and Stuart for creating new value in their product offering. This model is based on the concepts of value  creation and added value which represents the size of the profit to be shared and how to share that profit respectively.  

Writing prompts for middle school Essay Example for Free

Writing prompts for middle school Essay Imagine that you could give advice to someone—it could be someone you know personally, a historical figure, or a famous pers on living today. Write an essay that identifies the person and the advice you would give. Choose a fam iliar subject so that you can provide details and elaboration that explain why this person needs your advice. 2. In an essay, explain how disappointments can have a good side. 3. Write an essay explaining why someone you care about is important to you. 4. Dress for success is a phrase all of us have heard before, but it means something different to each person. Write an essay explaining  what dress for success means to you. 5. Write an essay to explain why honesty is important in a friendship. 6. Through the years new inventions have changed th e way we live. Think about one invention that has had an impact on the way you live. Now write to explain to your teacher how this invention has changed your life. 7. Write an essay explaining how you changed when you entered middle school. 8. The amount of graffiti has greatly increased at your school. The members of the school board must find ways to stop the graffiti. Write a com position in which you fully explain the solution  the school board could use to solve this problem. 9. There are both good things and bad things about playing on a team, such as the school soccer team or the school volleyball team. Write a composition for your teacher in which you explain both what is good and what is ba d about playing on a school team. Be sure to explain each point fully. 10. A role model is a person you look up to. Befo re you begin writing, think about someone you look up to. Why do you admire this person? Write a composition in which you explain to your classmates whom you admire and why you admire this person. Middle School Persuasive Prompts  1. NEW A wealthy donor plans to build a new facility that will benefit young people in your area. It could be a swimming pool, a theater, a skateboard park, an art school, or any other facility that would provide young people with constructive ways to spend their time. The donor is not sure what kind of facility would be most useful. Write a letter to the donor in which you identify the type of facility you would like to have built, and pe rsuade her that it is the best choice. Be sure to support your opinion with convincing reasons and evidence. 2. Your principal wants to invite a celebrity speaker to your school. Think about the celebrity you would choose to have speak; then, write a letter to persuade your principal to invite this person. Be sure to include convincing reasons and details to support your choice. 3. Girls and boys often enjoy playing the same sport. Some people believe that girls and boys should be able to play on the same team. What is your opinion on this issue? Write an essay stating your opinion and supporting it with convincing reasons. Be sure to explain your reasons in detail. 4. It has been said that television has little real educational value. What is your opinion on this issue? Write an essay stating your opinion and su  pporting it with convincin g reasons. Be sure to explain your reasons in detail. 5. The principal of your school is considering co nducting random locker searches several times a year without letting students know in advance. What is your position concerning this issue? Write a letter to the principal stating your position and supporting it with convincin g reasons. Be sure to explain your reasons in detail. 6. Suppose Congress wants to make a new national ho liday honoring an important person or event. Choose a person or event you would like to honor. Write an essay to convince members of Congress to accept your choice. 7. Your principal has asked students to suggest a school rule that should be changed. Think of one rule that you would like to have changed. Write a letter convincing your principal that this rule should be changed. Be sure to support your opinion with convi ncing reasons and evidence. 8. Your school principal is considering a new policy that will require all students to wear uniforms. What is your position concerning this issue? Write a letter to your principal stating your position and supporting it with convincing reasons. Be sure to explain your reasons in detail. Middle School How-To Prompts 1. Write a composition in which you explain how to make something. You might write about a food item, a handcrafted item, or anything else that you know how to make. Be sure to clearly explain each step in the process so that a read er could make the item the way you do. 2. Think about one favorite activity that you enjoy. For example, it could be playing a favorite sport or participating in a hobby. Write a compos ition in which you tell a friend how to do your favorite activity. Be sure to include all the details your friend will need to do the activity. Middle School Descriptive Prompts 1. Think about the last time you attended a special even  t such as a concert, a fair, or a sports event. Describe what it was like to be there and include sights, sounds, and smells that will make the reader feel he or she is there with you. 2. Think of a favorite object that you own. In a descriptive essay, use sensory details—words that tell how something looks, feels, tastes, smells , and sounds—to clearly describe this favorite object so that a classmate could picture it. 3. Think of what your school is like at lunchtime. Pick one particular place, and picture it in your mind. This place could be large or small. In a co mposition, describe clearly to a friend what the  place is like at lunchtime so your friend can imagine what it is like to be there. Middle School Narrative Prompts 1. Eleanor Roosevelt once said, You must do the th ing you think you cannot do. Write a narrative about a time when you did something you thought you could not do. Be sure to include specific details so that a reader can follow your story. 2. Think about a time when something unexpected happened. Write a narrative in which you tell about an unexpected event that happened to you or someone you know. Be sure to include specific details so that a reader can follow your story. 3. You have made a very important discovery–one th  at will make you famous throughout the world. Write a story in which you tell about your discove ry and how you made it. Be sure to include details about the setting and any characters in th e story, and be sure that your story has a beginning, a middle, and an end. 4. Think of your best day in school. What happened that makes this day stand out in your memory? Write a story for a friend that tells about what happened on this day in school. Middle School Writing About Literature Prompts 1. Under the Rice Moon tells a story about a caged bird and a sickly young girl who understand one another. Read the story. Then write an essay discussing the storys theme, or message, and how the author uses the bird and the storys characters to express the message. Be sure to include examples and details from the story to support your ideas. Do not merely summarize the story. Remember that your response will be evaluated in two ways—on your understanding of the story and on the quality of our writing. 2. The Dinner Party tells a story about a social gathering in India. Read the story. Then write an essay in which you discuss how the author uses the characters in the story to express a message. Support your ideas with examples and details from the story. Do not merely summarize the story. Remember that your response will be evaluated in two ways–on your understanding of the story and on the quality of your writing. Middle School Writing About Nonfiction Prompts 1. Read Heeding the Call. Then, write an essay explaining how Martin Luther King, Jr. s experiences as a young person shaped his beliefs and actions as an adult. Be sure to include specific information from the article to support your explanation. Do not merely summarize the article. Remember that your response will be ev aluated in two ways—on  your understanding of the article and on the quality of your writing. 2. Read But Im Not Tired! Think about the ideas th e author presents in this article. What changes should schools make to adjust to students sl eep patterns? Write a letter to the principal recommending changes that could be made at your sch ool to adjust to students sleep patterns. Be sure to include specific information from the ar ticle to support your recommendations. Do not merely summarize the article. Re member that your response will be evaluated in two ways–on your understanding of the article and on the quality of your writing.